@Article{RoratoCaEsPiMoVe:2020:BrAmIn,
author = "Rorato, Ana Cl{\'a}udia and Camara, Gilberto and Escada, Maria
Isabel Sobral and Picoli, Michelle Cristina Ara{\'u}jo and
Moreira, Tiago and Verstegen, Judith A.",
affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto
Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto Socio Ambiental (ISA)} and
{University of Muenster}",
title = "Brazilian amazon indigenous peoples threatened by mining bill",
journal = "Environmental Research Letters",
year = "2020",
volume = "15",
number = "10",
pages = "e1040A3",
month = "Oct.",
keywords = "indigenous peoples, indigenous lands, mining, policy, amazon.",
abstract = "The Brazilian Amazon has the highest concentration of indigenous
peoples in the world. Recently, the Brazilian government sent a
bill to Congress to regulate commercial mining in indigenous
lands. This work analyzes the risks of the proposed mining bill to
Amazonian indigenous peoples and their lands. To evaluate the
possible impact of the new mining bill, we consider all mining
license requests registered in Brazils National Mining Agency that
overlap indigenous lands as potential mining areas in the future.
The existing mining requests cover 176 000 km2 of indigenous
lands, a factor 3000 more than the area of current illegal mining.
Considering only these existing requests, about 15% of the total
area of ILs in the region could be directly affected by mining if
the bill is approved. Ethnic groups like Yudj´a, Kayapo,
Apala{\'{\i}}, Wayana, and Katuena may have between ´ 47% and
87% of their lands impacted. Gold mining, which has previously
shown to cause mercury contamination, death of indigenous people
due to diseases, and biodiversity degradation, accounts for 64% of
the requested areas. We conclude that the proposed bill is a
significant threat to Amazonian indigenous peoples, further
exposing indigenous peoples to rural violence, contamination by
toxic pollutants, and contagious diseases. The obligation of the
government is to enforce existing laws and regulations that put
indigenous rights and livelihoods above economic consideration and
not to reduce such protections.",
doi = "10.1088/1748-9326/abb428",
url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/abb428",
issn = "1748-9326",
language = "en",
targetfile = "rorato_brazilian.pdf",
urlaccessdate = "28 abr. 2024"
}